Electric regulator.



M. MQSIKOWITZ.

ELECTRIC REGULATOR. APPLICATION FILED MAY 22, 1909. RENEWED AUG. 15.1912- 1,29l,5 97. Patented Jan. 14,1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

M. MOSKOWITZ.

ELECTRIC REGULATOR; APPLICATION FILED MAY 22. I909. RENEWED AUG. 15,1912.

Patented Jan. 14, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- III I x 97f a wbemfoz 351; mm

' UNITED sTATns PATENT OFFICE.

MORRIS MOSKOWITZ, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO

U. S. LIGHT&. HEAT CORPORATION, OF NIAGARA FALLS, NEW YORK, A CORPORA- TION or NEW YORK.

ELECTRIC REGULATOR.

Patented Jan. 14, 1919 I Application filed Max:722, 1909, Serial No. 497,725. Renewed August 15, 1912. Serial No. 715,308.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Monnrs MOSKOWITZ, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the borough of Manhattan, city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Regulators, of which the following is a specification accompanied by drawings.

This invention relates to regulating apparatus and is illustrated in connection with a system including a constant current generator for car lighting from the axle, but the invention may be used in any connection in which it is found applicable. This application relates to similar subject-matter disclosed in application of the same applicant, Serial No. 485,707, filed May 22, 1909, forfeited and renewed as application No. 236,926 and constitutes a continuation as to common subject-matter of said earlier application. The object of the invention is to enable a lamp circuit or other work circuit to be efficiently regulated when supplied from a system in which there is a main source of supply and an auxiliary source of supply, as for instance, a storage battery connected in parallel thereto. This regula-tor'is designed to produce delicate regulation under all conditions met with in car lighting and is constructed to quickly respond to changes in circuit conditions. Means are also provided for cushioning the movement of the moving parts of the regulator which movement might be caused by vibrations or by pulsating currents in the generator arising from a variety of causes It is obvious that in practice my invention may appear in various forms. One embodiment of my invention for carrying out the above objects is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which,

Figure 1 is a front elevation partly m section of a regulator embodym the invention;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation o Flg. 1; Fig. 3 is a top plan view partly n section; Fig. l is a horizontal detail sectional new on the line 4.-i of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 5is a diagrammaticview of suitable circuits for the regulator.

Referring to the drawings, A represents a base or support for the regulator and B is a frame secured thereto for supporting the regulator parts. The actuating magnet is contained in the iron frame E suitably secured to the frame B. Within the frame is arranged the brass sleeve F about which is wound a coil G short circuited upon itself. This short circuited coil within the actuatmg coil C is for the purpose of cushioning the movement of the moving parts of the regulator in case, for instance, if there is high mica on the commutator or a loose brush or in case anything occurs which will cause the current from the main generator to pulsate. Suitable rubber washers H are provided for the coils and a vertically movable plunger rod J is arranged within the sleeve F and provided with a core K suitably secured thereto for a portion of its length. A fixed core or sleeve L is arranged within the sleeve F through which core the plunger rod J moves.

A stop a is preferably secured to the top of the frame E to limit the upward movement of the plunger and the lower end of the plunger is provided with a piston b operating in a dash 0t 0 adapted to contain oil. The dash pot 0 is in the form of a'cup adapted to be screw threaded onto the cap d which cap also forms a seat 6 for the balls f held in place by the disk g, thus forming a ball bearing for the lower end of the plunger rod J. A bracket 0 supports and guides the upper end of the plunger rod J and is provided with a ball bearing having the seat It, cap i and balls j for the plunger rod.

Between the nut is at the top of the rod J v and the cap 2' is provided a compression spring 0 adapted to normally raise the plunger rod, which is pulled downward against the force of the spring by the magnet.

The resistance controlled by the regulator is preferably in the form of two sets of carbon blocks R shown in this instance as arranged horizontally and the regulator is constructed to vary the pressure on said blocks to vary the resistance. Brackets or supports P are provided for the sets of carhon disks, having outwardly extending legs p and g, recessed to receive the cylinders S,

preferably of iron, enameled inside and out. The bindmg posts 1 extend through the legs 12 of the brackets and are insulated therefrom by the insulating disks and sleeves s and t. Disks u, preferably of aluminum, are arranged between the heads of the binding posts 1 and the larger insulating disk s. The carbon blocks R are arranged in the cylinders S and are adapted to be compressed by a system of toggle acting levers actuated by the movement of the plunger rod J.

Suspended from the bracket 0 at each side of the plunger rod are shown pairs of vertically hanging parallel links T, pivoted at their upper ends to the bracket 0 and the toggle and force the heads W outwardly to compress the carbon blocks. When down ward pressure on the collar X is relieved by the spring 0, the toggle will break itself and relieve the pressure on the disks to increase their resistance. An adjustable nutv is provided on the rod J above the collar X and a lock nut to is also provided. In order to keep the collar X in substantially horizontal position on the rod J and prevent it from tipping to one side or the other, the inner end of the link V is extended at a:

'and connected by a loosely pivoted link 9 to the pivotal point 2 on the collar X. This extra link 3 maintains the collar X substantially horizontal. As will be clear from Fig. 4, the looseness of the collar X permits the toggle to freely adjust-itself along the l ne of compression to equalize the compression on the two sets of block resistances. A suitable diagrammatic arrangement of circuits is shown in Fig. 5 embodying the regulator which is 80 shown diagrammatically for purposes of illustration. 2 1s the main generator, 3 is a pole changer, 4 1s a common negative, 5 is a storage bat-' tery connected in parallel .with the work circuit, D isthe regulator and its connected parts, 6 is the field of the main generator, 7 is a permanent resistance in series with said field, 8 is the lever of an automatic controlling switch, 9 is the series coil of a compound magnet controlling the switch' 8, 10 is the shunt coil of said magnet and 11 is the work circuit. The main generator circuit, with the pole changer in the position shown in Fig. 5, leads from the brush 12 by wire 13 through the polexchanger, thence by wire 13 to magnet C, thence tothe point 14, thence to magnet 9, to the point 15 and still by wire 13 to contact 16, through conceiving current from the main generator the switch 8 is maintained in raised position against the pull of the spring v21 and. the circuit is closed between the contacts 16-and 18.

The field circuit is connectedfrom the point 14 by wire 22 through permanent resistance 7, to the point 23 thence still by wire 22 to and through the field 6 to the common negative 4. The series of carbon blocks R are connected by wire 24 between the points 23 and 25 on the field circuit, so that the carbon block resistance R and the field 6 are in parallel relation.

A back contact 26 is provided for the switch 8 connected by wire 27 to the point 28 on wire 29 which is in turn connected at one end to contact 18 and at the other end connected to the battery 5. The battery is connected by wire 30 to the common negative 4. The switch arm 8 is connected by wire 31 with the work circuit 11, so that when the coils ,9 and 10 of the switch magnet act d ifierentially as is the case when the voltage of the generator falls and the battery tends to discharge through the generator, the spring 21 pulls the arm 8 against the back contact 26 and the battery 5 supplies the work circuit.

Withno current flowing to the load through the coil C, the spring 0 forces the rod J upwardly in the regulator D and relieves the pressure on the carbon disks R. When current is flowing, upon an increase of speed in the armature of the generator 2 tending to increase the output, the ma et C of the regulator is strengthened and t e rod J is pulled downward against the tension of the spring 0, thus decreasing the resistance R and shunting the current away from the field 6, weaking the field and bringing the current in the external circuit back to approximately its normal condition. When the magnet C is weakened the spring 0 relieves the pressure on the blocks, thus increasing the resistance in shunt with the field C and strengthening the field to increase the output of the main generator.

It can readily be seen that as the plunger J moves downward pressure upon the carbon piles R, R is increased by increasing increments of pressure wlth respect to the downward movement of the rod J, up to the point where the toggle is set; that is, when the point of maxinrum pressure has been attained. The fact that the toggle. mechanism disclosed herein has the efl'ect of increasing the pressure at an increasing rate as the core K is attracted by the magnet C, renders it possible to exactly compensate for the increasing mechanical resistance to compression of the carbon piles as compression proceeds. This is accomplished by the mechanical construction of the regulator and is independent of the means for actuating it.

It now the rod J is moved downwardly by an electro-magnetic winding producing a maximum pull at or near the end of the armature or core movement, a very quick and positive compremion of the carbon piles is obtained. When the spring 0 moves the and the toggle mechanism will cooperate tov plunger J upward a correspondingly quick release of pressure occurs. For any given value of current in the coil C the spring 0 hold the resistance at a certain stage of compression.

By proportioning the toggle arms and arranging the electromagnet to have its maximum; p,ull at any other point along the line of its armature or core movement, any desired characteristic of pressure, and consequent resistance of the carbon piles, can be obtained. It is thus seen that I have produced a regulator capable of delicate adjustment and quick response to changes of current strength through its governing coil.

The invention is not limited to the particular embodiment described and illustrated but may be embodied in various other forms which fall within the scope of the invention as expressed in the appended claims.

I claim and desire to obtain by Letters Patent the following:

1. An electric regulator comprising two sets of carbon block resistances arranged opposite to each other substantially in line end to end, means for simultaneously compressing both sets substantially along said line in opposite directions, circuit connections for the said resistances, and meansfor controlling said pressure exerting means.

2. An electric regulator comprising sets of carbon block resistances arranged opposite each other end to end, a plunger rod arranged between said sets of blocks, means connected to be actuated by said rod for exerting pressure on said blocks, electrical connections for said resistances and electrical means for controlling said plunger rod.

3. An electric regulator comprising sets of carbon block resistances arranged opposite each other end to end, a plunger rod arranged between said sets of blocks, toggle acting mechanism controlled by said rod for exerting pressure on said blocks, electrical connections for said resistances, and electrical means for controlling said plunger rod.

' 4; An electric regulator comprising sets of carbon block resistances arranged horizontally opposite each other end to end,

presser blocks for said resistances, toggle acting mechanism connected to said presser blocks, a vertically movable plunger rod connected to actuate said toggle mechanism, electrical connections for said resistances, anal electrical means controlling said plunger ro 5. An electrical regulator comprising sets of carbon block resistances arranged holizontally opposite each other end to en outer abutments for said sets of blocks, presser blocks arranged at the inner ends of said sets, toggle acting mechanism connected to said presser blocks, a .vertically movable plunger rod connected to actuate said toggle mechanism, mechanical means for actuating said rod upward andelectrical means for ctuating said rod downward.

6. An electric regulator, comprising sets of carbon block resistances arranged opposite to each other end to end, a plunger rod arranged between said sets of blocks, means for controlling said resistance including an electro-magnet responsive to variations in the circuits controlled, and an auxiliary short circuit winding on said magnet for compensating for pulsations in the current in said magnet.

7. An electric regulator comprising. two

, sets of carbon block resistances arranged sure thereon, circuit connections for the said resistances including an electro-magnet responsive to variations in the circuits controlled, and an auxiliary short circuited winding on said magnet for compensating for pulsations in the current in said magnet.

8. In an electric regulator, the combination with sets of carbon blocks resistances, a plunger rod arranged between said sets of blocks, toggle acting mechanism controlled by said rod for exerting pressure on said blocks, of a controlling electric 'magnetfor actuating the same, and an auxiliary short circuited winding on said magnet for compensating for pulsations in the current in said magnet.

9. An electric regulator comprising two sets of carbon block resistances oppositely arranged, a toggle and connections for simultaneously compressing them and pressure applying means for actuating the toggle, having a loose connection with the elbow of said toggle whereby said toggle may .be free to adjust itself along the line of compression.

10. An electric regulator comprising two arranged, a toggle and connections for simultaneously compressing them and pressure applying means for acuating the toggle, having a loose connection with the elbow of said toggle whereby-said toggle may be free to adjust itself along the-llne of compression said loose connection comprising a rod, a loose collar thereon and means carried by said rod for engaging the loose collar.

-11. In an electric regulator, a variable pressure rheostat, an operating winding therefor, said elements being arranged with their longitudinal axes at an angle to each other, mechanical connections between the adjacent ends of said elements governed by said windings to vary the pressure on said rheostat, said mechanical connections including links arranged at a toggle.

12. In an electric regulator, a variable pressure rheostat, an operating winding therefor, said elements being arranged with their longitudinal axes at an angle with each other, a spring normally tending to relax the pressure on said rheostat and mechanical connections between adjacent ends of said elements governed by said winding to increase said pressure in opposition to the spring, said mechanical connections including links arranged as.a toggle.

13. An electric regulator comprising two sets of carbon block resistances arranged op osite .to each other substantially in line end to end, means for simultaneously increasing the pressure applied to both sets of resistances, and means for controlling said pressure lncreasing means.

14. An'electric regulator comprising two sets of carbon block resistances arranged opposite to each other substantially in line end to end, means for simultaneously decreasing the pressure applied to both sets of resistances, and means for controlling said pressure descreasing means.

15. An electric regulator comprising sets of carbon block resistances arranged opposite to each other substantially in line end to end, a movable member, and means governed by said movable member for applying pressure simultaneously upon the sets of blocks in increasin increments of pressure with respect to t e movement of said movable means.

16. An electric regulator comprising sets of carbon block resistances arranged opposite to each other substantially in line end" to end, a movable member, means governed by said movable member for applying pressure upon the, sets of blocks simultaneously in increasing increments of pressure with respect to the movement of said movable means, and

electro-magnetic means controlling said movable means. 1 17. An electric regulator comprising sets of carbon block resistances arranged opposite to each other end to end, a movable member andmeans governed by said movable member for applying pressure upon said sets of blocks simultaneously in varying increments of pressure with respect to the movement of said movable means.

18. An electric regulator comprising sets of carbon block resistances arranged opposite to each other end to end, a movable member, means overned by said movable member for applying pressure upon said sets of blocks simultaneously in varying increments of pressure with respect to the movement of said movable means, and electro-magnetic means controlling said movable means.

19. Regulating apparatus comprising, in combination, a pressure-controlled variable resistance medium, means comprising a direction.

20. Regulating apparatus comprising, in

combination, a resistance device comprising a plurality of contacting members, means for adjusting the range of compression of said device, means comprising a toggle adapted to exert pressure upon said members at an increasing rate as the toggle approaches its alined position, and electromagnetic means controlling the position of said toggle. I L

21. In an electric regulator, a variable pressure rheostat, an operating Winding therefor, mechanical connections between said elements governed by said winding to vary the pressure on said rheostat, said mechanical connections including toggle mechanism.

-22. In an electric regulator, a plurality of variable pressure rheostat elements, operating mechanism for simultaneously varying the pressure on said elements, said mechanism including a toggle, and electro-magnetic means for controlling said mechanism.

23. Regulating apparatus comprising, in combination, a pressure-controlled variable resistance medium, a toggle device for varying the pressure upon said medium, an armature associated with said device, and an electro-magnet co-acting with said armature.

24..Regulating apparatus comprisin in combinatlon, a pressure-controlled varlable resistance medium, means comprising a toggle adapted to vary the compression of said medium, means tending to urge said toggle in one direction and an electromagnet tending to urge said toggle in the other direction, said parts being related to cause chan es of resistance in said medium substantlally proportional to the changes of current 1n said electromagnet.

stantially compensating for the increasing 1 opposition of said resistance.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, May 21, 1909.

' MORRIS MOSKOWITZ.

Witnesses:

E. P. LA GAY, E. VAN ZANDT. 

